Enalapril Hexal is a pharmacological drug from the German manufacturer Sandoz, aimed at normalizing blood pressure. The medication is prescribed by a specialist after undergoing a full examination and cannot be used for self-treatment of hypertension.
Material Content:
The composition of the drug
Instructions for use indicate that the main active ingredient of the drug in question is enalapril maleate.
And also its composition includes:
- bicarbonate of soda;
- lactose monohydrate;
- corn starch;
- talc;
- hyprolosis;
- magnesium salt of stearic acid;
- iron oxide red and yellow.
The effect of the drug is due to its constituent components. The implementation of a pharmacological agent for lowering blood pressure is carried out after providing a prescription form from a specialist.
Pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics
Enalapril Hexal is an ACE inhibitor. After use, inactive angiotensin I is converted to the hormone AT II, inhibiting the vasoconstrictor activity of the former.
The active component of the pharmacological agent contributes to:
- reduction of OPSS;
- lowering blood pressure;
- increased cardiac output;
- reduce the load on the myocardium in violation of the heart.
Enalapril maleate contributes to the expansion of arteries, without leading to increased heart rate.
The medication in question reduces the likelihood of developing renal failure of the chronic course and diabetic glomerulosclerosis. A similar effect is observed due to a decrease in pressure in the right atrium and the suppression of intracranial hypertension.
ACE inhibitor does not adversely affect sexual function and the metabolism of glucose and lipoproteins in the body.
After applying the medication, a pronounced therapeutic effect is observed after 60 minutes. The maximum effect - after 8 hours, persists for a day. The drug has cumulative properties, a stable result is achieved in a few weeks.
The active substance is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract by 60% within 1 hour. After 4 days from the start of therapy, the half-life of the drug is 11 hours. Excretion is made with feces and urine.
What helps enalapril hexal
Enalapril helps with independent or complex therapy of arterial hypertension and symptomatic heart failure.
And also the medication in question is used as a preventive therapy. It is needed to prevent the development of heart failure in people with left ventricular dysfunction without external manifestations.
Instructions for use and dosage
The use of a medical product is made orally regardless of the use of food. Enalapril Hexal tablets are recommended to drink with a large volume of liquid.
The medication should be taken once every 24 hours, but you can divide the dose by 2 times with an interval of 12 hours.
Recommendations for use depending on the diagnosis:
- High blood pressure. The initial dosage is 5 mg in the morning. In the absence of the necessary therapeutic effect, the amount of active substance can be increased by 5 mg once every 31 days. The maximum dosage for 24 hours is 40 mg, divided into 2 doses.
- Chronic heart failure. The primary volume of the active component is 2.5 mg per day. If indications are found, the amount of medication consumed can be increased to 10 mg. The maximum allowable daily dose is 20 mg.
- Predisposition to heart failure. The recommended maintenance dosage is 5 mg in 24 hours, divided into 2 doses. If necessary, the daily dose of the active component can be increased to 20 mg.
It is recommended that persons over 65 years of age and people with impaired urinary system function reduce the initial and maximum daily dosage by 2 times to reduce the risk of developing negative manifestations.
Patients with severe renal failure who are on hemodialysis are advised to take the medication after the blood purification procedure. The initial dose is 2.5 mg, the maximum allowable is 10 mg in 24 hours.
The drug in question can be used both for independent therapy, and as part of complex therapeutic actions in conjunction with diuretic drugs and ACE inhibitors.
During pregnancy and lactation
The use of drugs to reduce blood pressure during lactation and pregnancy is prohibited.
If during pregnancy a woman used the medication in question, after birth, the child should be carefully monitored by a specialist. This is done in order to timely detect a critical decrease in blood pressure, oliguria, a lack of potassium in the body and neurological pathologies.
When diagnosing oliguria, immediate therapy is required to normalize blood pressure and restore the functions of the urinary system.
Drug interaction
A pharmacological tool for the treatment of hypertension enters into a direct reaction with many medications and substances.The combination of enalapril with analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the former. Salt also reduces the therapeutic properties of the drug in question.
The following medicines increase the effects of enalapril on the body:
- diuretics;
- antihypertensive agents;
- preparations for anesthesia;
- opioid receptor agonists.
Allopurinol, cytostatics, procainamides, immunosuppressants and systemic corticosteroids in combination with enalapril lead to a sharp decrease in the level of leukocytes in the blood.
Medicines containing potassium and heparin when combined with the drug to reduce blood pressure provoke hyperkalemia.
When interacting with ACE inhibitors, lithium preparations provoke an increase in the amount of lithium in the blood.
It is possible to increase the effects of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs while using them with enalapril.
Enalapril Hexal Compatibility with Alcohol
Drinking alcohol with the medication in question is prohibited, since it leads to an increase in the effect of the medication. And also a great risk of intoxication.
Contraindications, side effects and overdose
The use of a pharmacological agent is prohibited in such conditions:
- Quincke's edema, including in the past;
- stenosis of the hepatic or renal arteries;
- excess potassium in the body;
- the period of bearing a child;
- allergy to the drug from high blood pressure or its components.
Taking a medication can lead to the development of the following negative reactions:
- arterial hypotension;
- deterioration in overall health;
- dizziness;
- heart rhythm disturbance;
- anomaly in the functioning of the organs of vision;
- pulmonary embolism;
- pathology of the respiratory system;
- violation of the liver;
- pathological processes from the gastrointestinal tract;
- mood swings;
- sleep disorders
- pain in the head;
- violation of the functions of the urinary system;
- allergic reactions;
- impotence.
All of these side effects are temporary and pass on their own after the complete removal of the active component of the drug from the body. If pathological manifestations are detected, it is required to discontinue therapy and immediately visit the attending physician in order to change treatment tactics.
Excessive consumption of enalapril leads to impaired functioning of the cardiovascular system and central nervous system.
Signs of an overdose are:
- critical decrease in blood pressure;
- pathological change in heart rate;
- angina pectoris;
- myocardial infarction;
- depression of the central nervous system;
- sleep disorder;
- abnormal functioning of the senses;
- pathology of the organs of vision;
- mood swings;
- cramps
- violation of MK.
Intoxication with the active component of the medication leads to severe respiratory failure, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system.
An increase in the concentration of the active substance in the blood can lead to aggravation of allergic manifestations, which is manifested by skin rashes, itching and urticaria. Perhaps the development of anaphylactic shock.
When diagnosing an overdose of enalapril, a person should be taken to a hospital, gastric lavage and symptomatic therapy should be carried out.
In severe renal failure, a course of hemodialysis is indicated to purify the blood from an excessive content of active components.
If intoxication is mild, a person should induce vomiting and drink a course of sorbents. Consultation with a specialist is required.
Analogs
There are many medications that are similar in composition to the drug in question.
Analogs Enalapril Hexal:
- Bagopril;
- Burlipril;
- Vazolapril;
- Invoril;
- Corandil;
- Renetek.
Unauthorized replacement of one drug by another should not be, since the difference in the auxiliary components can adversely affect the state of health.
Self-treatment of heart failure or high blood pressure with the presented drug is prohibited. If the instructions for use are not followed, there may be irreversible consequences.
