Against the background of absolute health, any restrictions in food seem superfluous and inappropriate. But in the event of a serious malfunction in the body, it is important not to forget about a healthy diet. A diet for cirrhosis is not only a recommendation, but also an effective method of therapy, a way to prolong many years of life.
Material Content:
General nutritional rules for cirrhosis
Causes of the disease are often chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholism. Less commonly, diabetes mellitus leads to such complications. One way or another, processes occur in the liver parenchyma, as a result of which normal tissue is replaced by connective tissue. Because of this, the functionality of the organ decreases, and every day the liver becomes harder to cope with stress.
Cirrhosis is an irreversible process. All treatment is aimed at stopping the disease, supporting the liver and the body as a whole. The leading place in palliative therapy for such a pathology is occupied by the medical diet.
A correctly selected program will reduce the burden on a healthy parenchyma, reduce intra-abdominal pressure, and eliminate the risk of ascites.
The choice of diet depends on the stage of the disease.
With compensated cirrhosis, the liver does not lose its ability to neutralize ammonia. Such patients are recommended a diet with a high protein content.
At the decompensated stage, the use of protein products is excluded.
When the patient is diagnosed with portal cirrhosis, the patient is prescribed a diet with a high protein content.
If we talk about fats, then the stage of the disease is not of fundamental importance. “Heavy” fats of animal origin are excluded from the diet and are limited to vegetable fats.
Carbohydrates are the basis of nutrition for people with liver diseases.Reduce only the number of ingredients with a high glucose content.
Table: diet foods table number 5
In diseases of the liver and biliary tract, table No. 5 of the Pevzner diet is usually prescribed. This is the most sparing diet that improves intestinal motility and facilitates the outflow of bile.
Table 5 is based on carbohydrates, which are supplemented with proteins and vegetable fats.
What can I eat with a diet
| First meal | vegetable soups and milk; lean borsch without frying; cabbage cabbage; beetroot soup. |
| Cereals | buckwheat; rice oatmeal; pearl barley; Wheat groats; pasta. |
| Vegetables | vegetables in any form, except fried; use cauliflower with caution |
| Meat and fish | chicken fillet; turkey; rabbit; fat free beef; some types of fish. |
| Eggs | Cooked soft-boiled or scrambled eggs. |
| Milk | cottage cheese and kefir (with low fat content); yogurt. |
| Fruits | everything except sour and in any form. |
| Beverages | tea; freshly squeezed juices; weak coffee with milk; rosehip broth. |
Fully or partially restricted products
| Bakery products | products from quality dough; pies with any filling. |
| Fatty Meat | red meat; meat of waterfowl. |
| Smoked meats | sausage; cheese. |
| Milk | dairy products with high fat content. |
| Canned food | all kinds of such products, pickled snacks |
| Mushrooms | fresh, dried, salted |
| Sweets | ice cream; chocolate and butter confectionery. |
| Beverages | alcohol; strong coffee; sweet and carbonated drinks. |
Features for men, women
Such a pathology is often diagnosed in representatives of the stronger sex, which is associated with their tendency to excessive drinking. But in women, cirrhosis of the liver is not so rare.
In any case, the rules on which the therapeutic diet is based for men and women will be the same.
Basic principles of proper nutrition for men and women with cirrhosis
- The main thing in nutrition with liver cirrhosis is that it should be fractional. The daily amount of food should be divided into 5 receptions.
- 1.5–2 liters of fluid is necessary to maintain the body’s water-salt balance.
- Limit salt intake. With ascites, it is completely removed.
- Solid foods must be ground to avoid prolonged digestion.
- Limiting the amount of food consumed. An adult is quite 3000–3500 kcal per day.
- All meals should be warm. Their use is very hot too cold. Particular harm to the body is caused by ice drinks.
- Alcohol is strictly prohibited, regardless of the reason and good reason for its use.
The only difference in diet between women and men is the amount of food consumed. A woman needs less food, so she can reduce the daily number of servings. But food must also be divided into 5-6 receptions.
The menu of the therapeutic diet according to Pevzner
Despite many restrictions, the patient's diet can be varied. Here is one of the diet menu options for cirrhosis for one day.
| Light breakfast | Oat milk porridge; bread with jam; tea. |
| Basic breakfast | Boiled chicken; buckwheat; omelet from one egg; coffee with milk. |
| Dinner | Beetroot soup; mashed potatoes; steamed chicken meatballs; zucchini stew; fruit jelly. |
| High tea | Fat-free cottage cheese pudding; juice from apples. |
| Dinner | Boiled fish; salad; low-fat cottage cheese; tea. |
Interesting recipes for healthy dishes
The classic menu for chronic digestive disease consists of dishes that are easy to prepare. Moreover, each of them in the daily menu can be prepared in an original way, which will make the diet more diverse. Here is an example of recipes for unusual dishes that can be complemented by breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Light carrot and carrot puree
Ingredients:
- carrots - 2 pcs.;
- apple - 2 pcs.;
- milk - 120 ml;
- honey - 1 tsp
The peeled root crop is randomly cut and sent to cook for 30 minutes. The apple, peeled from the core, is chopped into cubes. Prepared products are ground in a blender to a homogeneous consistency. Add milk and honey, served to the table.
Chicken sausages for breakfast
Ingredients:
- chicken breast - 300 g;
- eggs - 2 pcs.;
- semolina - 100 g;
- salt.
Poultry meat is ground into minced meat, two egg white protein, a little salt and semolina are added. The resulting mass is wrapped in cling film, give it the shape of sausages, cooked for a couple of 30 minutes. Here is such a simple and original breakfast.
Chicken Soup for Lunch
Ingredients:
- potatoes - 3 pcs.;
- chicken fillet - 300 g;
- carrots and onions - 1 pc.;
- broccoli - 100 g;
- salt.
Poultry meat is cut into pieces, boiled in a separate container. In another pan, prepare vegetable soup. Potatoes, carrots and onions are placed in boiling drinking water, lastly broccoli. Portions of chicken are added to the finished products. The soup is ground in a blender to a homogeneous consistency. Served with rye bread croutons. Soup according to this recipe is not only very useful, but also quite tasty.
Curd jelly for afternoon tea
Ingredients:
- low-fat cottage cheese - 300 g;
- gelatin - 30 g;
- milk - ½ tbsp .;
- low-fat yogurt - ½ tbsp.
- any fruit.
Gelatin is combined with milk and left for half an hour. At this time, the cottage cheese is mixed with yogurt in a blender. After 30 minutes milk is heated over low heat until the gelatin dissolves. The cooled composition is combined with the curd mass, fruits are added and sent to the refrigerator for 3 hours. Such a dessert will be a full substitute for any store delicacy.
Steam omelet for dinner
Ingredients:
- eggs - 2 pcs.;
- milk - half a glass.
- salt.
The protein is separated from the yolk and whipped with milk and salt. The resulting mixture is poured into a suitable container and sent to the double boiler for 15 minutes. The obtained omelet goes well with low-fat fish and vegetable salads.
Contraindications
Despite the fact that the therapeutic diet according to Pevzner is the most balanced and gentle, it is not suitable for all patients with cirrhosis. If the patient worsens and the development of ascites, adjustments should be made to the diet.
- With such a disease, it is necessary to limit the amount of fluid consumed and completely abandon salt.
- Whole milk and cottage cheese are completely excluded from the menu.
- Thirsty foods should be limited.
- If there are allergic reactions to any components of the food, do not include them in the composition of dishes.
- Do not drink alcohol in any quantities.
Any chronic liver disease needs timely treatment. This is especially true of such a terrible condition as cirrhosis. A therapeutic diet helps to stop the progression of the disease, reduces the load on the liver parenchyma, and prevents the accumulation of fluid in the internal tissues. All this improves the condition of the patient, prolongs his life.
